Dhul Hijjah: Complete Guide to 12th Islamic Month & First 10 Days
Table of Contents
Introduction
Dhu al-Hijjah is the twelfth and final month in the Islamic calendar. Being one of the four sacred months during which war is forbidden, it is the month in which the Hajj (pilgrimage) takes place as well as Eid al-Adha (The Festival of the Sacrifice).
The Arabic name of the month, Dhu al-Hijjah, means “Possessor of the Pilgrimage” or “The Month of the Pilgrimage”. During this month, Muslim pilgrims from all around the world congregate at Mecca to visit the Kaaba.
The Hajj rites begin on the eighth day and continue for four or five days. The Day of Arafah takes place on the ninth of the month. Eid al-Adha, the “Festival of the Sacrifice”, begins on the tenth day and ends on the thirteenth day. The name of this month is also spelled Dhul-Hijja. In modern Turkish, the name is Zilhicce.
The Blessed First 10 Days
Almighty Allah has gifted this Ummah some noble times to earn more rewards. The first 10 days of Dhul Hijjah are one of them for many reasons, including the day of Arafah, Hajj, Eid Al-Adha, etc. This period is mentioned as the best days of the year in the hadith books. It’s recommended to fast on the first 9 days, especially on the day of Arafah. Besides this, increase your Dhikr, do more Ibadah, (if possible) do Hajj, and so on. The virtues of these blessed times and some good things we can do to make the most of the first ashra of Dhul Hijjah.
Deeds of the Month of Dhul Hijjah
Dhul Hijjah is a great and noble month. When the moon sighted most of his companions the tabieen used to make special arrangements for worship. The first ten days of it have been described in the Quran as the days of knowledge, blessed days. The Prophet (PBUH) said that the goodness and worship of any day and there is no worship more beloved to God than the goodness and worship that is done in these ten days.
Fasting for the first nine days is as if you have fasted your entire life.
During these ten days, one should pray two rak’ahs between Magrib and Isha, in each rak’ah, after surah Al-Hamd, recite Surah Al-Tawhid and this verse, so that the pilgrims may share in the reward of the Kaaba.
1st Day of Dhul Hijjah – Recommended Acts
1. Salat Fatimah (Night Prayer)
It is recommended to offer Salat Fatimah on the “Night”. According to Shaykh al-Tusi, this prayer consists of four units (2×2). In each unit, Surah al-Fatihah is recited once and Surah al-Tawhid repeated fifty times. After completion of the prayer, recite the Tasbih of Sayyeda Fatima (peace be upon her).
2. Pre-Noon Prayer
It is recommended to offer a two unit prayer half an hour before midday (noon). In each unit, Surah al-Fatihah is recited once and Surah al-Tawhid, Ayah al-Kursi, and Surah al-Qadr repeated ten times each.
3. The First Ten Days (Al-Ayyam Al-Ma’lumat)
In the blessed month of Dhu’l-Hijjah, the pious companions of the Holy Prophet and their followers used to do acts of worship extraordinarily. The first ten days of this month are called al-ayyam al-ma’lumat (The Stated Days) by the Holy Quran.
4. Nightly Two Rak’at Prayer
Fasting, two rak’aat prayers. At each of these ten nights, it is recommended to offer a two unit prayer between the Maghrib and Isha’ obligatory prayers and to recite at each unit Surah al-Fatihah once, Surah al-Tawhid once, and the following verse (7:142).
5. Daily Supplication (After Fajr & Maghrib)
It is recommended to say the following supplication, which is reported by Shaykh al-Tusi and Sayyid Ibn Tawus from Imam Ja’far al-Sadiq (AS), after the obligatory Fajr and Maghrib Prayers since the first day of Dhu’l-Hijjah and up to the eve of the ‘Arafat Night, the ninth of Dhu’l-Hijjah:
أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ وَحْدَهُ لَا شَرِيكَ لَهُ لَهُ الْمُلْكُ وَ لَهُ الْحَمْدُ بِيَدِهِ الْخَيْرُ وَ هُوَ عَلَىٰ كُلِّ شَيْءٍ قَدِيرٌ
أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ وَحْدَهُ لَا شَرِيكَ لَهُ أَحَدًا صَمَدًا لَمْ يَتَّخِذْ صَاحِبَةً وَ لَا وَلَدًا
أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ وَحْدَهُ لَا شَرِيكَ لَهُ أَحَدًا صَمَدًا لَمْ يَلِدْ وَ لَمْ يُولَدْ وَ لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ كُفُوًا أَحَدٌ
أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ وَحْدَهُ لَا شَرِيكَ لَهُ لَهُ الْمُلْكُ وَ لَهُ الْحَمْدُ يُحْيِي وَ يُمِيتُ وَ هُوَ حَيٌّ لَا يَمُوتُ بِيَدِهِ الْخَيْرُ وَ هُوَ عَلَىٰ كُلِّ شَيْءٍ قَدِيرٌ
6. Invocation from Imam Ali (AS)
It is recommended to say the following invocation, which is reported from Imam Ali Ameer al-Momineen (AS), on the first ten days of Dhu’l-Hijjah. An excellent reward has been reported for those saying this invocation, which should preferably be repeated ten times a day.
Major Events in Dhul Hijjah
Throughout the blessed month of Dhul Hijjah, several significant events take place:
- 1st Dhul Hijjah: Wedding Anniversary of Imam Ali & Bibi Fatima
- 7th Dhul Hijjah: Birth of Imam Ali al-Hadi (AS) – 10th Imam
- 8th Dhul Hijjah: Imam Hussain (AS) Left Makkah for Kufa
- 9th Dhul Hijjah: Day of Arafah – Most Sacred Day
- 10th Dhul Hijjah: Eid al-Adha – Festival of Sacrifice
- 15th Dhul Hijjah: Birth of Imam Ali al-Hadi (AS) (alternate date)
- 18th Dhul Hijjah: Eid al-Ghadeer – Greatest Eid of Allah
- 22nd Dhul Hijjah: Martyrdom of Maytham al-Tammar
- 24th Dhul Hijjah: Event of Mubahala
The Significance of Dhul Hijjah
Dhul Hijjah holds a unique position in the Islamic calendar for several reasons:
1. One of the Four Sacred Months
Along with Muharram, Rajab, and Dhul Qa’dah, Dhul Hijjah is considered sacred, during which warfare was traditionally forbidden.
2. Month of Hajj
The fifth pillar of Islam, Hajj, takes place during this month, with millions of Muslims gathering in Mecca to fulfill this obligation.
3. The Best Days of the Year
The first ten days of Dhul Hijjah are considered the best days of the year, with immense spiritual rewards for worship and good deeds performed during this time.
4. Day of Arafah
The 9th of Dhul Hijjah, known as the Day of Arafah, is one of the most significant days in Islam, where fasting equals the expiation of sins for two years.
5. Eid al-Adha
The 10th of Dhul Hijjah marks Eid al-Adha, commemorating Prophet Ibrahim’s willingness to sacrifice his son in obedience to Allah.
How to Maximize the Blessings
To make the most of this blessed month:
- Fast the first 9 days (especially the Day of Arafah for non-pilgrims)
- Increase Dhikr (remembrance of Allah)
- Perform extra prayers (nafl/sunnah)
- Give charity (sadaqah and Qurbani)
- Recite Quran frequently
- Seek forgiveness (make Istighfar)
- Make sincere dua for yourself and the Ummah
- Visit the shrines of the Ahl al-Bayt if possible
Begin Your Spiritual Journey This Dhul Hijjah
On this auspicious 1st of Dhu al-Hijjah, we extend our heartiest congratulations on the marriage anniversary of the Commander of the Faithful and the Leader of the Women of Paradise. As we enter these ten days of mercy, ZiaratPlanner is excited to announce that our 2026 Iraq Ziyarat Packages are now open for registration.
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